Learn Python with Steem #10 #11 笔记

[toc]

划重点

  • 获取用户的文章列表 通过 steem.Steem.get_account_history 获取用户的动态，从中筛选出文章的 permlink。

    再用 steem.Steem.get_content 方法获取每篇文章的详细信息。

    其实也可以用 steem.blog.Blog 获取用户所有的文章信息。

编程练习

导入需要的Python包

1
2
3
4
5
6

import csv
import pymongo
from datetime import datetime, timezone, timedelta
from steem.blog import Blog
from pprint import pprint
import math

定义一个日期转换函数

1
2
3

def date_2_local_date(_utcdate, _timedelta):
    utc_date = _utcdate.replace(tzinfo=timezone.utc)
    return utc_date.astimezone(timezone(timedelta(hours=_timedelta)))

定义计算声望的函数

1
2

def parse_reputation(raw_reputation):
    return (math.log10(int(raw_reputation)) - 9) * 9 + 25

定义获取文章详情的函数，返回字典类型的数据

blob.jpg

定义获取用户所有文章的函数，返回字典

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

def get_user_posts(account_name='yjcps'):
    blog = Blog(account_name)
    all_data = blog.all()
    posts = [get_post_detail(post) for post in all_data]
    return {
        'account_name':account_name,
        'count_posts':len(posts),
        'posts':posts
    }

保存所有文章数据为CSV文件

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

def save_to_csv(data: list, file_path, encoding):
    keys = data[0].keys()
    with open(
            file_path, 'w', newline='', encoding=encoding,
            errors='ignore') as f:
        writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=keys)
        writer.writeheader()
        writer.writerows(data)

将数据导入到 MongoDB 数据库

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

# 配置数据库连接信息

MONGO_HOST = 'localhost'
MONGO_COLLECTION = 'steem'

mongo_client = pymongo.MongoClient(MONGO_HOST)
mongo_collection = mongo_client[MONGO_COLLECTION]

 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
12
13
14
15

def save_to_mongodb(data, tablename):
    if data is not None:
        if isinstance(data, list):
            result = mongo_collection[tablename].insert_many(data)
            if result.acknowledged:
                print('已导入%d条数据' % len(result.inserted_ids))
                return result.inserted_ids
        if isinstance(data, dict):
            if mongo_collection[tablename].update_one({
                    'account_name': data.get('account_name')}, {
                    '$set': data}, upsert=True):
                print('已导入%s的数据' % data.get('account_name'))
                return True
    else:
        return None

1

yjcps = get_user_posts('yjcps')

1
2

# 查看返回的数据
pprint(yjcps)

 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26

{'account_name': 'yjcps',
 'count_posts': 35,
 'posts': [{'active': '2018-08-23 11:32:18',
            'active_voter': 'steempress,justyy,happyukgo,doraemon,superbing,dailystats,cryptocurrencyhk,jianan,steemtaker,cnbuddy,anxin,foodielifestyle,woolfe19861008,dailychina,yjcps,dongfengman,serenazz,shentrading,ethanlee,fanso,lilypang22,steempress-io,sweet-jenny8,shine.wong,turtlegraphics,regretfulwooden,witnesstools,happyfamily,ilovecoding',
            'author': 'yjcps',
            'author_reputation': 51.616714372034224,
            'body': '# Learn Python with Steem #09 笔记\n'
                    '\n'
                    '---\n'
                    '\n'
                    '[toc]\n'
                    '\n'
                    '## 划重点\n'
                    '\n'
                    '- 遍历字典\n'
                    '\n'
                    ' 利用dict.items()方法，用一个循环语句遍历整个字典的所有元素。\n'
                ...
                ...
                    "     'last_post_date': '2018-08-16-Thu 20:57:21',\n"
                    "     'post_count': 5926,\n"
                    "     'reputation': 67.26589131476406,\n"
                    "     'sbd_balance': '30.081 SBD',\n"
                    "     'sp': 5186.613554620994,\n"
                    "     'vesting_shares': 10501691.705077,\n"
                    "     'vot

limit_output extension: Maximum message size of 9996 exceeded with 57914 characters

1

file_path = '{}_all_posts_{}.csv'.format(yjcps['account_name'], yjcps['count_posts'])

1
2
3
4
5

# 保存数据为CSV文件，方便在Windows的Excel软件打开，选择编码为gbk,这样会丢弃不能编码的字符
# 可以选择utf-8编码，但需要从Excel中手动导入数据
# 如果日后编程需要取用，建议使用utf-8编码

save_to_csv(yjcps['posts'], file_path, 'gbk')

哈哈，我的所有文章数据，放到Excel里打开

图片.png

1
2

#保存到数据库
save_to_mongodb(yjcps, 'steem_posts')

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

已导入yjcps的数据





True

成功保存到数据库

图片.png

取大鹏的数据看看

1

dapeng = get_user_posts('dapeng')

1

file_path = '{}_all_posts_{}.csv'.format(dapeng['account_name'], dapeng['count_posts'])

1

save_to_csv(dapeng['posts'], file_path, 'gbk')

1

save_to_mongodb(dapeng, 'steem_posts')

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

已导入dapeng的数据





True

花了5分钟来获取大鹏的所有文章数据，一共497篇文章，难怪要等那么久，以后从数据库获取数据会快一点。
图片.png

再看看刘美女的文章

1

deanliu = get_user_posts('deanliu')

1
2

WARNING:root:Retry in 1s -- RPCErrorRecoverable: non-200 response: 502 from api.steemit.com
WARNING:root:Retry in 1s -- RPCErrorRecoverable: non-200 response: 502 from api.steemit.com

1

file_path = '{}_all_posts_{}.csv'.format(deanliu['account_name'], deanliu['count_posts'])

1

save_to_csv(deanliu['posts'], file_path, 'gbk')

1

save_to_mongodb(deanliu, 'steem_posts')

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

已导入deanliu的数据





True

获取刘美女的所有文章花了11分钟，一共878篇文章，高产作家！

图片.png

也成功保存了CSV文件。

图片.png

补充

为所有文章生成词云图片

导入需要的Python包

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

import numpy as np
import jieba.analyse
import PIL.Image as Image
import re
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from collections import Counter
from wordcloud import WordCloud, ImageColorGenerator

定义一个清理文章的函数，只保留中文

1
2
3
4
5
6

# 去除所有半角全角符号，只留字母、数字、中文。
def clean_text(text):
    # rule = re.compile(r"[^a-zA-Z0-9\u4e00-\u9fa5]")
    rule = re.compile(u"[^\u4e00-\u9fa5]")
    text = rule.sub(' ', text)
    return text

为文章分词，并统计每个关键词的频率

1
2
3
4
5

def get_tag(text, cnt):
    re_text = clean_text(text)
    tag_list = jieba.analyse.extract_tags(re_text)
    for tag in tag_list:
        cnt[tag] += 1

1
2

# 取出所有文章，放到一个列表里面
yjcps_all_post = [post['body'] for post in yjcps['posts']]

blob.jpg

1
2
3
4

# 获取词频
yjcps_post_counter = Counter()
for post in yjcps_all_post:
    get_tag(post, yjcps_post_counter)

blob.jpg

 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

# 画词云图

# 指定中文字体
font = 'DroidSansFallbackFull.ttf'

wc = WordCloud(
    font_path=font,
    background_color="white",
    max_words=2000,
    max_font_size=100,
    width=800,
    height=800,
)

wc.generate_from_frequencies(yjcps_post_counter)

plt.figure(figsize=(8, 8))
plt.imshow(wc, interpolation="none")
plt.axis("off")
plt.show()

output_49_0.png

再来看看大鹏的文章关键词

 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26

dapeng_all_post = [post['body'] for post in dapeng['posts']]
# 获取词频
dapeng_post_counter = Counter()
for post in dapeng_all_post:
    get_tag(post, dapeng_post_counter)

# 画词云图

# 指定中文字体
font = 'DroidSansFallbackFull.ttf'
# 指定背景图片
bg_image = np.array(Image.open("steemit.png"))

wc = WordCloud(
    font_path=font,
    background_color="white",
    max_words=2000,
    max_font_size=100,
    mask=bg_image)

wc.generate_from_frequencies(dapeng_post_counter)

plt.figure(figsize=(8, 8))
plt.imshow(wc, interpolation="none")
plt.axis("off")
plt.show()

output_51_0.png

同样的，再看看刘美女的关键词

 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28

deanliu_all_post = [post['body'] for post in deanliu['posts']]
# 获取词频
deanliu_post_counter = Counter()
for post in deanliu_all_post:
    get_tag(post, deanliu_post_counter)

# 画词云图

# 指定中文字体
font = 'DroidSansFallbackFull.ttf'
# 指定背景图片
bg_image = np.array(Image.open("steemit2.png"))
# 取图片的颜色作为绘制词云图片的颜色
image_colors = ImageColorGenerator(bg_image)

wc = WordCloud(
    font_path=font,
    background_color="white",
    max_words=2000,
    max_font_size=20,
    mask=bg_image)

wc.generate_from_frequencies(deanliu_post_counter)

plt.figure(figsize=(8, 8))
plt.imshow(wc.recolor(color_func=image_colors), interpolation="none")
plt.axis("off")
plt.show()

output_53_0.png

绘制发帖时间图

导入Python包

1
2
3

from windrose import WindroseAxes
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

# 获取发帖时间,返回小时，获取的时间已处理为北京时间

def get_post_time(account:dict, _type:str='created')->list:
    posts = account['posts']
    time_format = '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'
    posts_time = [datetime.strptime(post[_type], time_format)  for post in posts]
    hours = [time.hour for time in posts_time]
    return hours

1
2
3

yjcps_post_time = get_post_time(yjcps)
dapeng_post_time = get_post_time(dapeng)
deanliu_post_time = get_post_time(deanliu)

1
2

# 我所有的发帖时间
print(yjcps_post_time)

[15, 6, 7, 6, 6, 6, 14, 7, 22, 7, 10, 0, 12, 20, 20, 19, 13, 0, 21, 18, 11, 11, 12, 1, 18, 15, 13, 12, 14, 11, 0, 0, 23, 18, 21, 15]

绘制我的发帖时间图

 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32

def make_time_image(time, colors=None, edgecolor='white', **kwargs):
    ws = np.array(time)
    wd = np.array(time) / 24 * 360

    # 统计各时间次数
    count, _ = np.histogram(time, bins=24)

    if colors:
        pass
    else:
        colors = [(94/255, 79/255, 162/255)]

    # 画图
    ax = WindroseAxes.from_ax()
    ax.bar(wd, ws, nsector=24, normed=True, colors=colors,
           bins=1, edgecolor=edgecolor, **kwargs)

    xticklabels = ['6:00', '3:00', '0:00',
                   '21:00', '18:00', '15:00', '12:00', '9:00']

    # 获取最大极径
    rmax = ax.get_rmax()
    fmt = "%.1f "
    yticklabels = np.linspace(0, rmax, 6) / rmax * max(count)
    yticklabels = [fmt % r for r in yticklabels[1:]]

    # 设置标签
    ax.set_yticklabels(yticklabels)
    ax.set_xticklabels(xticklabels)

    # 显示
    plt.show()

1

make_time_image(yjcps_post_time)

image.png

绘制大鹏的发帖时间图

1

make_time_image(dapeng_post_time)

image.png

最后绘制刘美女的发帖时间图

1

make_time_image(deanliu_post_time)

image.png

看到词云图和发帖时间图，大家是否想起了大鹏举办的 “猜猜 TA 是谁” 活动？

猴年马月终于到了， @dapeng @angelina6688 山寨版的用Python画这两个图的方法就在这里了。

期待下个猴年马月， @dapeng 写个正宗的用R画词云图和发帖时间图。

[DA series - Learn Python with Steem]

我的笔记：